What is a Phase 1 Ecology Survey?

If you’re preparing a planning application, you may be required to complete Phase 1 ecological survey.

A Phase 1 ecological survey, also known as a Phase 1 habitat survey, is an initial ecological assessment for development sites. It identifies each habitat type on the site and assesses its value. It also determines whether protected species surveys are needed to support a proposed development.

For most projects, this is the first stage of an ecology appraisal. It gives planning authorities a clear understanding of potential ecological impacts before they make a decision.

A Phase 1 habitat survey is a walkover survey carried out by qualified ecological consultants. During the visit, habitats are mapped using a recognised method. Key features and signs of species present are recorded.

The survey will:

• Identify and map each habitat type
• Record vegetation and site features
• Assess potential for protected species
• Highlight ecological constraints

This approach is often referred to as the extended Phase 1 habitat method. It acts as an environmental audit, providing a snapshot of species and habitat value at the time of survey.

A desk study is also completed. This includes data from the local records centre to identify nearby protected species records and ecological designations.

Planning authorities need to understand how a proposed development may affect species and habitats.

A Phase 1 ecological survey helps to:

• Identify likely ecological impacts
• Confirm whether protected species surveys are required
• Inform mitigation measures
• Support proportionate planning decisions

Without a clear ecological assessment, a planning application may be delayed while further information is requested.

The results of the Phase 1 habitat survey determine whether further work is needed. If there is potential for protected species, a phase 2 survey may be recommended. These targeted surveys must take place at the correct time of year.

For example:

• Grassland may require reptile surveys
• Buildings may require bat surveys
• Ponds may require amphibian surveys

The report may also outline mitigation or confirm whether a more detailed impact assessment is necessary.

Is a Phase 1 survey the same as an ecology appraisal?
In most cases, yes. The extended Phase 1 habitat survey forms the core of a Preliminary Ecological Appraisal, combining the walkover survey with desk study findings.

How long does a Phase 1 habitat survey take?
Small to medium development sites are often surveyed in one day. Larger sites may take longer.

Does it include detailed protected species surveys?
No. It identifies potential and recommends further protected species surveys where needed. These are completed separately as phase 2 survey work.

Will it delay my planning application?
When carried out early, a Phase 1 ecological survey usually prevents delays by identifying ecological impacts in advance.

Is a Phase 1 Ecological Survey Mandatory?

It is not required for every site. However, most development sites with vegetation, buildings, or waterbodies will require some form of ecological survey. Engaging ecological consultants early helps reduce risk and avoid seasonal delays.

How Long Is a Phase 1 Habitat Survey Valid?

A Phase 1 habitat survey is usually valid for around two years. This depends on site conditions and planning authority requirements. If the site changes significantly, an updated ecological survey may be needed.

Collington Winter Environmental provides planning-focused ecological surveys for developers and landowners. Our team of experienced ecological consultant deliver Phase 1 ecological surveys, ecology appraisals, and protected species surveys across a wide range of development sites across the UK.

Early advice helps reduce risk and ensures your proposed development is supported by clear ecological evidence.

If you need a Phase 1 habitat survey to support a planning application, or would simply like some advice regarding ecological requirements for new developments, contact the team today at info@collingtonwinter.co.uk or give us a call on 01024 939608 for practical guidance and information regarding how we can support you.