Planning Permission and Ecology – FAQs

What is planning permission, and why does ecology matter?

Planning permission is the formal approval required from your local authority before starting most development projects. Alongside design and infrastructure considerations, planning plays a crucial role in protecting the natural environment.

Ecology is a key part of this process because development can affect wildlife, habitats, and biodiversity. Local planning authorities must ensure that projects minimise harm to the environment and, where possible, enhance it. This is why ecological surveys and reports are often required as they help to determine whether planning permission should be granted.

What are ecological surveys?

Ecological surveys are detailed assessments of a site to identify existing plant life, animal species, and habitats.

These surveys:

• Establish the ecological value of the land
• Identify any environmental constraints
• Provide recommendations to avoid or reduce harm

They are usually carried out by qualified ecologists and are a fundamental part of many planning applications.

When do I need an ecological survey for planning?

You may need an ecological survey if your site:

• Includes or is near green spaces, woodland, or water
• Contains older buildings (which may host bats or birds)
• Has hedgerows, trees, or undeveloped land

In many cases, local authorities will request surveys as part of the validation requirements for your planning application.

What is a protected species assessment?

A protected species assessment determines whether legally protected wildlife is present on or near your site.

Species commonly assessed include:

• Bats
• Nesting birds
• Great crested newts
• Reptiles

If protected species are found, you may need mitigation measures or a licence before development can proceed.

Do I need a tree survey? 

Yes, if your site includes or is close to trees, a tree survey is often required. A tree survey evaluates:

• The health and condition of trees
• Root protection areas
• Potential impacts from construction

This ensures that important trees are preserved and that development does not cause long-term damage.

What is biodiversity net gain (BNG)?

Biodiversity net gain is an approach that ensures development leaves the natural environment in a better state than before.

In many cases, it is not a mandatory requirement. Developers must demonstrate how their project will:

• Enhance habitats
• Increase biodiversity value
• Deliver measurable improvements

This is usually done through a formal BNG assessment submitted with the planning application.

Can planning permission be refused on ecological grounds?

Yes. Planning permission can be refused if a development:

• Fails to properly assess ecological impacts
• Risk harm to protected species or habitats
• Does not meet biodiversity requirements

However, early ecological input and proper mitigation strategies can significantly improve the chances of approval. Alongside ecological requirements, there are other planning requirements you may need to obtain, such as building regulations approval, before building work can commence. More information can be found on the planning portal. 

Are there other approvals needed alongside planning permission?

Yes. In addition to planning permission, you may also need:

• Building regulations approvals
• Environmental permits
• Wildlife licences (if protected species are present)

These requirements ensure that development is safe, compliant, and environmentally responsible.

How can early ecological advice help my project?

Engaging an ecologist early in the process can:

• Identify potential issues before submission
• Reduce delays and unexpected costs
• Improve the likelihood of planning approval

A proactive approach allows developers to design projects that work with the environment rather than against it.

How can Collington Winter assist with planning permission?

Collington Winter Environmental takes a pragmatic approach to development – balancing the needs of developers with positive outcomes for wildlife.

Our services include:

• Ecological surveys and assessments
• Protected species surveys
• Biodiversity net gain advice
• Planning support and reporting

By combining early consultation with in-depth ecological expertise, we help maximise your chances of securing planning permission while ensuring compliance with environmental best practice.

If you are planning a development project, it is best to seek ecological advice as early as possible. Early engagement can streamline the planning process and help avoid costly delays later on.

If you are interested in our services, contact us using the form below. You can also contact us via email at info@collingtonwinter.co.uk.